Argentinean Aliyah (1962-1963) in the Shadow of the Eichmann Affair
Keywords:
The Eichmann Affair, Immigration to Israel, ‘Operation Flame’, Antisemitism, Argentine Jews, Immigration of Argentine Jews to IsraelAbstract
The tremors that were felt in Argentina during the Eichmann case presented new challenges to the organizations dealing with immigration to Israel. Israeli policymakers saw this as a unique opportunity to arrange a special voyage of immigrants, a kind of ‘organized rescue operation’. It even won, as did similar operations in the past, the grandiose epithet of ‘Operation Flame’.
Based on primary sources, the article evaluates the Eichmann case’s impact on Israel’s immigration policy in Argentina and the manifestations of anti-Semitism there following Eichmann’s abduction, as a push factor in Jewish emigration.
The article traces the stories of 4,500 immigrants from Argentina who arrived in Israel in 1963. By cross-referencing and integrating quantitative and qualitative data along with personal accounts, a detailed panoramic picture emerges of immigration in all its complexity. The article discusses mainly the implementation and institutional-organizational aspects of Israel’s immigration policy in Argentina and confronts it with the composition of the immigrants who settled in the state.
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